The importance of intergovernmental agreements on the environment and Essay

The importance of intergovernmental agreements on the environment and what is the role of the EU related with these agreements - Essay Example In fact most of the environmental problems created by the industrialized countries, affect badly the poor countries as well. The most critical issues related to environment are the climate changes and global warming. The emission of greenhouse gases especially carbon dioxide have adverse effect on environment. So in order to protect the environment a combined effort by the whole world is required. Kyoto Protocol and Montreal Protocol are two international agreements designed for the protection of environment. â€Å"Over a decade ago, most countries joined an international treaty -- the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) -- to begin to consider what can be done to reduce global warming and to cope with whatever temperature increases are inevitable. More recently, a number of nations approved an addition to the treaty: the Kyoto Protocol, which has more powerful (and legally binding) measures. The UNFCCC secretariat supports all institutions involved in the climate change process, particularly the COP, the subsidiary bodies and their Bureau† (The Convention and the Protocol) Kyoto Protocol is an international agreement to reduce greenhouse gas emissions worldwide. It is a legal agreement signed on 16 February 2005. This protocol is designed based on the instructions from United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. This environmental treaty made at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) informally known as the Earth summit which held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in June 1992. This treaty is mainly intended to stabilize the green house gases (Carbon dioxide, Methane, Nitrous Oxide, Sulfur hexafluoride etc.) emission to the atmosphere by the industrialized countries. â€Å"The major feature of the Kyoto Protocol is that it sets binding targets for 37 industrialized countries and the European community for reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions .These amount to an

Social and Politic Influences Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Social and Politic Influences Paper - Essay Example These relationships more often than not are shaped by the need to accomplish common goals. Usually, social forces (social influences) emerge in this process and whose consequences either facilitate or impede learning. According to Hirschy and Wilson (2002), these social influences are categorized into role relationships, social status, and structural inequalities. Sociologists often look at how these influences affect people in the classroom in a social setting (Hirschy & Wilson, 2002). Mehan (1998) describes social status in a classroom context as to include the gender, race, age, and social class of the students and the tutor (Hirschy & Wilson, 2002). For instance, students coming from poor family set-ups may often find challenges adjusting to college life compared to their higher status counterparts. According to Gardner, Dean and McKaig (1989), the college environment often reflects the social relationships at different levels i.e. upper-level, middle-level and low level. It is often the case that although students from low-level or disadvantaged backgrounds can grasp tacit rules quickly, they still have a sense of being outsiders. Social influence of role relationships usually come out clearly when assessing the interaction patterns that occur between the tutor and learners and among student peers. Usually in every class, the rules and norms have a huge bearing on the interactions among class participants. According to Hirschy and Wilson (2002), the various norms of discourse determining the patterns of participation. These are those who take part and those who do not. Moreover, it depends on whether one has the drive to disagree with the instructor and other students. In addition, it shows how best to handle conflicts; the types of questions that are acceptable, and how to act appropriately in the classroom. Students often hold an unequal position of power and this, according to Gamaron (2001) often brings a negative influence

Mandatory Labeling of Genetically Modified Foods is Important to Research Paper

Mandatory Labeling of Genetically Modified Foods is Important to Consumer Choice - Research Paper Example micro-organism, animals and also the plants. Moreover, these advances are pronounced in the food stuffs, where genetic modifications are paving way to bring revolution to the food industry. How safe are these food items? Are these food items serving human beings in true sense or they are daunting? Research conducted across the globe institute the injurious effects of these genetically modified (GM) food stuffs. It is noticeable that the repercussions are so distressing that they are disturbing our own inheritance. Research further accentuate that genetically modified food items are one of the chief causes of cancer, as, genetically altered food stuffs are synthetically manufactured or its genes are altered. It is evident that these altered GM food stuffs are the resultant of recombinant DNA and possess complete potential to stimulate any cell or gene or its product(s) and in this manner trigger the genetic composition of the customers. The techniques exploited for the formation are c ell blending, micro and macro encapsulation, gene deletion or duplication or transgenesis. GM food is not only taxing the environment but also the laws of nature. For this rationale, â€Å"Genetically Engineered Food Labeling Act† is formulated. ... Findings through research lay distinction on the fact that consumers must be aware of the kind of food stuff they are consuming. As the demand for the food supply is enhancing with the growing population, new companies are also coming up to contribute in food availability. They seek political pressures to get the license for establishing company to manufacture genetically modified food stuffs. Although it is a violation of permissive regulatory methodology and also contravenes the research answers (Charles, 2002). People have a preference for GM food items because of their superior looks and lasting freshness to a greater length of time, above all they are devoid of bugs and insects particularly the vegetables and fruits. Accepting this psychology to a greater extent, GM food stuffs has boomed the marketplace in every paradigm of food industry (Charles, 2002). Background Genetically modified food stuff is a matter of concern across the globe. European Commission has recommend mandato ry labeling for genetically modified food stuffs for as small as 1% of the ingredients that it contains. On the other hand USA does not have any mandatory labeling prerequisite (Debate: Mandatory labeling of genetically modified foods). It is imperative for the customer to have an idea what they are consuming and what percentage of genetic modification the product possess. Advocates and arguments of not putting the label emphasize that there is no established health risk for genetically modified food stuff. On the other hand if labels are put on the genetically modified food stuffs then any disease or ailment will be related to the genetically modified food stuffs, may or may not it has any role in the ailment (Debate: Mandatory labeling of genetically modified foods).

Employee motivation - case scenario Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Employee motivation - case scenario - Essay Example switching all the data base on to a computerized Management Information System that can be accessed by each member from anywhere around the globe. Looking over the companies needs and requirements, the Lewins Change Management Model seems to be the most adequate choice of change for the organization. This shall be further justified along side the three steps to this process. During project proposal, several people will and will not be in favour due to personal reasons and opinions. These individuals will be reluctant to change and hence will resist for it to occur. The solution is to unfreeze the pessimism by convincing them of the benefits that will be received through the new system. The main reasons for reluctancy may be due to feeling neglected of their importance and value, autonomy, monotony of work, job insecurity, lack of computer skills and literacy, lowered salaries etc as stated by Freud. However, automation is the main concern considering all manual data systems (humans) will be replaced by computer systems. The company now re-establishes itself and the staff refreezes itself into the new change of work operations. This is done gradually as each member will adapt to the new system with time. Business activities will then be within a click of a button, with the vast media horizon of internet emails, chats, audio and video conferencing etc. (Normandin, 2012) All the departments will be affected including the accounts, administrative and human resource departments. The aim is to achieve paperless forms of communication with its various clients and suppliers. However, all the employees will not be in favour of this huge change so employee motivation strategies must be employed. Looking into Maslows Hierarchy of Phsical, Emotional and Intellectual Needs for Employee Motivation will help overcome resolve this issue. (Maslow,

Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 6

Marketing - Essay Example Marketing is therefore an essential department in every organization since it deals with the product and service proportion thereby catering for the organization’s operations. The department works in close relation with other management departments to ensure the organization operates as a unified whole. In carrying out their mandate, the marketing department develops its operations depending on the nature of the target market for every product or service in the industry. Additionally, the department counsels the production department thereby ensuring that the company produces appropriate goods and services that meet the market demand. Apple manufactures hand held telecommunication devices such as tablets, computers, and laptops. However, the company’s products and services access the international market owing to the fact that some of the phones and products it manufactures are marketed globally. This implies that the company has a big market and therefore several compe titors all that it must compete effectively against to maintain its operations. With this understanding, Apple has a dedicated marketing department, which has steered the organization through success within the years of its operations.

Globalisation and mass media Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Globalisation and mass media - Essay Example vior that makes up the institutional structure of a larger society, mass media is a considered a system which enables us to communicate messages and symbols to the public† (Herman & Chomsky 1988, p. 5). One of the most significant impact of globalization towards the mass media is the change in the type of mass media ownership not only from within but also outside the national borders. For instance: Between 1970s and 1980s, the independent newspaper publishers like Washington Star and Philadelphia Bulletin were all earning good profit until the rapid development of information and communication technology existed (Compaine & Gomery 2000, p. 1). Since a large number of newspaper readers are able to gain access to electronic news information, some of the independent newspaper companies were forced to enter into merger contracts or buy-outs in order to make the company financially survive the challenges within the global markets. Over the years, similar changes took place in other form of mass media including book publishing and the magazine, radio, television, Aiming to give the readers a better understanding of the impact of globalization on mass media, a literature review will be provided regarding the main purpose of globalization. Eventually, a social scientific research will be conducted to determine the political economy of the modern mass media. In the process of going through the main discussion, a full overiew with regards to the impact of globalization on mass media will be tackled followed by contextualizing its development which started to occur during the twenteeth century. Prior to conclusion, the most current issues that are being debated by the mass media people aside from the possible economic, social, and political consequences of these issues towards the cultural industries will be thoroughly analyzed and discussed. Globalization is a process of interaction and integration of the world economy, culture, technology, business governance, human

Business and government Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Business and government - Article Example This corrodes and undermines the spirit of healthy competition in the free markets. Companies end up monopolizing the markets owing to a variety of reasons. It may happen because a company may be the individual and sole inventor of a particular product that commands a high and persistent demand in the market. Monopolies may also be brought about by the consolidation of the corporations that manufacture a particular product. Economists do have an ambiguous and mixed response towards the monopolies. Some experts say that governments should not try to alter or break the monopolistic situations in the free markets as they signify the ultimate will and desire of a free market. There exists on e other school of thought that though resents the government interference in the free markets, do believes that some sort of antitrust action or statutory rulings should be initiated by the state to tackle the situation of absolute monopoly in the free markets. Though it has been commonly seen that t he accusations of monopoly are often levelled against the companies who enjoy a competitive edge in the markets pertaining to the manufacturing and the supply of specific products or services, on do genuinely comes across situations where some companies deliberately resort to anticompetitive practices to command a position of monopoly. A highly pertinent and relevant example of monopoly that has shot up in the last two decades is that of Microsoft. Microsoft does have a monopoly power in the markets for personal computer operating systems. Though the monopoly of Microsoft over operating systems and web browsers has been significantly diluted by Firefox, open source and Linux operating systems, still Microsoft has been the target of hotly contested legal proceedings in the recent years owing to pertinent accusations of monopoly (wise GEEK, 2009).As the accusations of monopoly against Microsoft have entered the legal arena, it will be highly relevant to analyse such accusations in the light of the legal provisions pertaining to the monopolistic situations in the US, the UK and the European Union. To prove the accusations of monopoly in a court of law, it is imperative to show that a situation of monopoly exists. It is relatively easier to identify a situation of monopoly as per the UK law, as it defines the concept of monopoly in strictly structural terms (George et al, 2006:412). According to the British law, a firm is considered to be enjoying a position of monopoly pertaining to a specific product or service if it controls more then 25 percent market share of that product or service in the UK markets (George et al, 2006: 412). In that context, Microsoft definitely has a monopoly power over the market for personal computer operating systems, at least in the UK. However, the thing to be kept in mind is that a control over 25 percent of the market share does not automatically qualifies a firm as a monopoly according to the UK law (George et al, 2006: 412). In th e US though the monopolies come within the purview of legal provisions, there exists no structural limit pertaining to the legal definition of monopoly in the American law and the categorization of a situation of monopoly solely depends on the legal definition furnished by the courts of law in the US (George et al, 20